RAZVOD BRAKA U UPOREDNOM PRAVU

The paper presents solution for the inistitution of the dissolution of marriage in several Europian countries. One can conclude that in most countries during the 1990s there was a refform of familky law. One of the direktions of reform is liberalization of marriage dissolution preceedinsgs. Blame, as a condition for dissolution of marriage, is still present number of European countries, but in these countries there is a mixed system of dissolution of marriage. Besides blame, marriage can be dissolved due to incompatibility, disrupted marital relations. Most European countries distinguish two ways of dissolving a marriage, and that is upon a petition- action of one spouse or divorce based on mutual consent of the spouses. Besides the fast dissolution of marriage, divorce by mutual constent is also common because of its economic advantages. Divorce by mutual constetnt is cheaper than expensive court proceedings. Dissolution of marriage can be distinguished to the body before which it is conducnted. This means that besides court dissolution of marriage, there is also an administrative registration of dissolution of marriage which entails a mutual agreement of the sopuses. There are beginnings dissolution of marriage in English law as well.U radu su prikazana rešenja instituta razvoda braka u nekoliko evropskih država. Može se konstatovati, da je u većini država devedesetih godina prošlog veka izvršena reforma porodičnog zakonodavstva. Pravci u kojima su izvršene reforme liberalizovale su uslove i postupak razvoda braka.Krivica, kao uslov za razvod braka, i daljem je prisutan u određenom broju evropskih zemalja, ali u tim zemljama prisutan je mešovit sistem razvoda braka. Pored krivice, brak se, može razvesti i zbog neslaganja naravi, poremećenih bračnih odnosa. Većina evropski država razlikuje dva načina na koji se brak može razvesti, a to je po zahtevu – tužbi jednog bračnog partnera ili na osnovu sporazuma bračnih partnera.Pored brzog načina za prestanak braka, sporazumni razvod braka je rasprostranjen i iz razloga njegove ekonomičnosti. Sporazumni razvod braka je jeftiniji od skupih sudskih postupaka.Razvod braka možemo razlikovati i prema organu pred kojim se sprovodi. Odnosno pored sudskog razvoda braka, prisutan je i administrativni razvod braka. Tako Rusija i Danska poznaju administrativnu registraciju razvoda braka, a koja podrazumeva sporazum bračnih partnera. Embrione administrativnog razvoda braka nalazimo i u engleskom pravu

Možnosti mediacije v Republiki Srbiji v primerih nasilja v družini

Purpose: This paper analyses the theoretical, legislative and practical advantages and limitations of mediation as an alternative way of resolving the conflict between perpetrator and victim of domestic violence in Serbia. Starting from the premise that mediation in lighter cases of domestic violence is more preferred form of social reaction from the initiation of criminal proceedingsthe authors analyse the legislation of the Republic of Serbia and point out that the mutual incompatibility of laws disables use of mediation in practice. Design/Methods/Approach: Based on acceptability of the concept of restorative justice, this scientific work analyses the advantages and limitations of mediation as an alternative way of resolving the conflict of the offender and the victim in cases of domestic violence. Authors use the comparative method, legal dogmatic method, case study method (examples for court practice in Serbia) and statistical data to examine the hypothesis that mediation may constitute a constructive way of resolving less violent conflicts within the family members and why is not enough applied in practice. Findings: Modern criminal political orientation of the “zero” tolerance of domestic violence, which was adopted in law in practice in Serbia is “blocking” use of mediation, which, in public opinion, is seen as an inadequate response to this crime. Results of the analysis show that the Serbian legislature opted for a punitive response and measures of restraining as most important mechanisms for the prevention of domestic violence. Research Limitations / Implications: These data provide insight into the marginal segment of the formal response to domestic violence in Serbia. Originality/Value: Few studies in Serbia comparing foreign experience and domestic social possibilities for the success of mediation in cases of domestic violence.Namen prispevka: Članek analizira teoretične, zakonodajne in praktične prednosti in omejitve mediacije kot alternativnega načina reševanja konflikta med storilcem in žrtvijo nasilja v družini v Srbiji. Izhajajoč iz predpostavke, da je mediacija v lažjih primerih nasilja v družini primernejša oblika socialne reakcije kot uvedba kazenskega postopka, avtorji analizirajo zakonodajo Republike Srbije in poudarjajo, da nezdružljivost zakonodaje onemogoča uporabo mediacije v praksi. Metode: Na podlagi sprejemljivosti koncepta restorativne pravičnosti to znanstveno delo analizira prednosti in omejitve mediacije kot alternativni način reševanja konflikta med storilcem in žrtvijo v primerih nasilja v družini. Avtorji uporabljajo primerjalno metodo, pravno dogmatično metodo, študijo primera (primeri sodne prakse v Srbiji) in statistične podatke za preverjanje hipoteze, ali lahko mediacija predstavlja konstruktivni način reševanja manj nasilnih konfliktov med družinskimi člani in zakaj ni dovolj uporabljena v praksi. Ugotovitve: Sodobna kazenska politična usmeritev “ničelne” tolerance nasilja v družini, ki je bila sprejeta v pravni praksi v Srbiji, “onemogoča” uporabo mediacije, ki je po mnenju javnosti videti kot nezadosten odziv na to kaznivo dejanje. Rezultati analize kažejo, da se je srbski zakonodajalec odločil za kaznovalni odziv in prepoved približevanja kot najpomembnejša mehanizma za preprečevanje nasilja v družini. Omejitve/uporabnost raziskave Ti podatki omogočajo vpogled v obrobni segment formalnega odziva na nasilje v družini v Srbiji. Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Nekatere študije v Srbiji primerjajo tuje izkušnje in domače socialne možnosti za uspeh mediacije v primerih nasilja v družini

UGOVOR O OSIGURANJU ŽIVOTA U PRAVU CRNE GORE

Life insurance is a form of protection to the insured or the person close to him for accidents that may befall him. In this way one time to ensure the risk of death or loss or reduction capability of doing business. Life insurance eliminates the risk of both adverse consequences. Although long forbidden, because the argument that it is immoral to draw benefit from the death or injury, today's contract of life insurance is generally accepted in all jurisdictions .Life insurance serves the expansion of social insurance. In developed countries through the private life and pension insurance shall be correction system of pension insurance based on the principle of intergenerational solidarity, as pension funds all the harder to bear the burden of a large number of retirees. This paper analyzes the contract of life insurance in the law of Montenegro.Osiguranje života predstavlja oblik zaštite osiguranika ili njemu bliskog lica za slučaj nesreće koja ga može zadesiti. Na ovaj način čovek se na vreme obezbeđuje od rizika smrti, odnosno gubitka ili smanjenja sprosobnosti privređivanja. Životno osiguranje otklanja štetne poslijedice oba rizika. Iako dugo zabranjivano, zbog objašnjenja da je nemoralno izvlačiti korist od smrti ili nezgode, danas je ugovor o životnom osiguranju opšte prihvaćen u svim pravnim sistemima. Životno osiguranje služi proširenju socijalnog osiguranja. U razvijenim društvima kroz privatno životno i penzijsko osiguranje vrši se korekcija sistema penzijskog osiguranja zasnovanog na načelu generacijske solidarnosti, pošto penzioni fondovi sve teže podnose opterećenje velikog broja penzionera

POLITIKA EU U OBLASTI ZAŠTITE ŽIVOTNE SREDINE S OSVRTOM NA KRIVINO-PRAVNE ASPEKTE I ULOGU PORODICE U RAZVOJU EKOLOŠKE SVESTI

Endangering environment and its protection have been representing a problem for the mankind throughout decades. Disappearance of harmony between man and nature has created numerous dangers which degrade the accomplishments of the civilization achieved so far, cause enormous damaging effect on people, their lives and health, body integrity and many other values. Therefore, the significance of the environmental protection is highlighted as the most important global challenge of the modern society. Thus, various issues from and related to the field of environment form an important part of the activity of EU, that has lately been undertaking more comprehensive and more intensive political actions in this domain. Environmental crime today is considered to be a serious and widely spread phenomenon which has got to be suppressed on transnational level. For that matter, criminal-legal protection of environment is a final, but also a very efficient and more than a necessary measure. At the same time, the role of the family as a basic cell of the society is being extended, so that regarding the development of environmental awareness, family has a special place, especially in forming healthy and ecologically-responsible persons. The existence of a healthy and devoted family is a prerequisite for the existence of a healthy and progressive society.Ugrožavanje životne sredine i njena zaštita predstavljaju višedecenijski problem čoveanstva. Nestajanjem harmonije izmedju prirode i čoveka, stvorile su se raznovrsne i brojne opasnosti, koje degradiraju dosadašnja civilizacijska dostignuća, nanose veliku štetu ljudima, njihovom životu i zdravlju, telesnom integritetu i mnogim drugim vrednostima. Stoga značaj zaštite životne sredine nameće se kao najvažniji globalni izazov modernog društva. Zato razliita pitanja iz oblasti životne sredine ili u vezi s njom, zauzimaju znatan deo aktivnosti EU, koja u poslednje vreme preduzima sveobuhvatnije i intenzivnije politike akcije u ovom domenu. Ekološki kriminal se danas smatra ozbiljnom i široko rasprostranjenom pojavom, koja se mora suzbijati na nadnacionalnom nivou. U tom pravcu krivično-pravna zaštita životne sredine je krajnja, ali ujedno veoma efikasna i više nego nužna mera. Istovremeno, uloga porodice kao osnovne ćelije društva se proširuje, te u pogledu razvoja ekološke svesti, porodica zauzima posebno mesto, osobito u formiranju zdravih i ekološki odgovornih linosti

Criminal Acts in the Field of Economic Crime in Banking Operations in Serbia

As defined by the law, a bank is a stock company with the head office in the Republic of Serbia, which has a National Bank of Serbia licence for work and which performs deposit and credit activities, and which may also perform other activities according to the law. The number and variety of the forms which may be assumed by economic crime is extremely dynamic and, consequently, complex. This particularly pertains to the forms of economic crime in banking operations, considering the fact that such activities are very important for business and legal operations in national economies. A significant characteristic of current banking operations is the wide application of information and communication technologies, without which no modern business field may be conceived. Taking the primary topic into account, the paper initially treats the definition and the basic features of economic crime and the criminological characteristics of the forms assumed by economic crime in banking operations. This is followed by a focus on the normative aspect of the criminal and legal regulations of the Republic of Serbia in the sphere of norms concerning criminal acts of economic crime in banking operations, whereas the research part of the paper deals with the frequency of criminal acts of economic crime in banking operations when the work of judicial authorities in Serbia is concerned, bearing in mind the criminal proceedings conducted against adult perpetrators. Methodology-wise, the paper is founded on the theoretical analysis of relevant modern stands in theory, the normative, analytical and deductive methodological framework and the basic quantitative data analysis. The primary legislative source consulted in the research section of the paper is the Criminal Code. The reference period analyzed in this section is the 2018-2020 three-year period, and the data which are analyzed are the officially registered data of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia

Possibilities of Mediation in Republic of Serbia in Cases of Domestic Violence

This paper analyses the theoretical, legislative and practical advantages and limitations of mediation as an alternative way of resolving the conflict between perpetrator and victim of domestic violence in Serbia. Starting from the premise that mediation in lighter cases of domestic violence is more preferred form of social reaction from the initiation of criminal proceedings; the authors analyse the legislation of the Republic of Serbia and point out that the mutual incompatibility of laws disables use of mediation in practic

Problematic use of social networking sites among adolescents in the Czech Republic versus offline risk behaviour and parental control

The Problematic Use (PU) of Social Networking Sites (SNS) is a diagnostic and preventive as well as educational challenge. Problematic Use of new media is currently a phenomenon discussed by psychologists, sociologists, and media educators in the field of diagnosing the scale of the phenomenon, as well as protective factors and risks related to this phenomenon. This text is part of the debate on the scale of SNS among young people, as well as on the role of parents in reducing this phenomenon. The text also juxtaposes issues related to the prediction of PU SNS and risk behaviours in the offline space. The study employed a triangulation of quantitative tools in the form of: frequency of SNS use, parental control online, and scale of psychoactive substance use. Based on the data collected among a group of adolescents in the Czech Republic (N = 531 individuals aged 13-19 years, study year 2018/2019), it was noted that: 1) Almost 75% of adolescents systematically use SNS before bedtime; 2) Every fifth adolescent consumes dinner daily or almost daily accompanied by SNS; 3) Less than a third of respondents use SNS almost continuously; 4) SNS UI indicators are mutually related; however, the relationship is not always strong; 5) Girls have a slightly higher level of PU SNS than boys; 6) Systematic alcohol consumption is a predictor of PU SNS; 7) Parental restriction of Internet use time leads to a reduction in PU SNS among adolescents

The analysis of the Aarhus convention in the context of good environmental governance

The purpose of this article is to examine mechanisms for public involvement in environmental governance from the perspective of the Aarhus Convention. Analysis method explained the connection between the basic postulates included in the Aarhus Convention and the main principles of good governance in environmental matters. Normative methods presented the provisions of the Aarhus Convention related to the right to an adequate environment and rights of access to information, public participation, and equal access to justice. By using the same method, the special attention was devoted to the transposition and implementation of the requirements of the Convention into the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. Through the case study research method, the authors examined the relevant practice of the Compliance Committee. Authors conclude that transposition of the requirements of the Aarhus Convention represents a valuable contribution in establishing good environmental governance

Environmental protection in the light of discrepancy between the normative and the reality

The work is a synthesis of three important aspects in the approach to the environment, on the basis of which it is possible to meet its normative definition and understanding of the situation in practice. Given this basis it is possible to separate international, general and criminal legal area of its normative regulation. Each of these aspects is equally important in getting to know the area of the environment in our country. Hence, it is used in expanding the methodological approach which comprises a number of methods (legal, social, statistically, systematically et al.). In addition to the theoretical part of the work an important aspect is the research pertinent to scope and dynamics of criminal acts against the environment in the country. The results are tabulated on the basis of which conclusions are derived as well as suggestions de le ferenda. Timeframe of the research covers the period 2011-2015. year and is based on information contained in the bulletins RSO. We believe that the five-year period in determining the oscillating trends in the field of criminal law protection of the environment provides sufficient referral. In the final part of the paper, a detailed analysis of material is presented as well as a critical review of the presence of inconsistency between the normative and the real situation in the field of environmental protection

Medicinska veštačenja u krivičnom i parničnom postupku

Autori objašnjavaju formalne zakonske uslove za izradu i prezentaciju rezultata medicinskih veštačenja u krivičnom i građanskom postupku, specifičnosti pojedinih vrsta veštačenja (veštačenje uzroka smrti, telesnih povreda, uzroka i vidova nematerijalne štete i sl.), procesni položaj i odgovornosti medicinskih veštaka